The influenza A (IA) virus is the principal cause of the outbreaks of flu. A large number of laboratories participate in the worldwide surveillance of influenza virus activity and contribute to the early recognition of newly emerging epidemic strains. Differentiation between influenza A and B viruses and determination of the subtypes of influenza A virus isolates are the first steps in the characterization of influenza viruses. This analysis is traditionally done by hemagglutination inhibition (HI) tests with specific antisera raised in ferrets, chickens, or sheep. The diagnosis of Influenza A is largely clinical. Nevertheless, it is necessary to carry out some form of rapid antigenic diagnosis and the culture of respiratory samples to confirm the etiology of the respiratory disease and to determine the antigenic characteristics of the epidemic strains. Although the “gold standard” isolation technique is inoculation in embryonated hens’ eggs, the technical difficulties involved and t...
anyone need help...biotechnology on the rescue!!
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