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Human Hair Color - Biochemistry and Genetics

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1. Hair is made up of Keratin , but keratin is colorless so what gives our hair the unique color?
2. The answer is Melanin.
3. Melanocyte gland produces two different kinds of melanin. One is "Eumelanin" and other is "Pheomelanin".
4. Eumelanin is responsible for Black and Brown color.
5. Pheomelanin is responsible for Red and Orange color.

So, Which gene controls their concentration in our hair?

1. MC1R - MC1R gene translates into Melanocortin 1 Receptor protein, which controls the production of this two melanin.
2. If MC1R is active in a cell, it stimulates the production of Eumelanin, while if the MC1R gene is blocked or polymorphic, it will stimulates the production of Pheomelanin.
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